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Educational Survey 

-ol- 

Stephens County 
Georgia 



By 

M. L. DUGGAN, Rural School Agent 

AND 

EURI BELLE BOLTON, 

Extension Dept., G. N. L College 



No. 36 



Under Direction of State 

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 

M. L. BRITTAIN 

State Superintendent of Schools 

1922 



Educational Survey 

-ol- 

Stephens County 
Georgia 



By 

M. L. DTJGGAN, Rural School Agent 

AND 

EURI BELLE BOLTON, 

Extension Dept., G. N, L College 



No. 36 



Under Direction ofStak 

II DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 

M. L. BRITTAIN 

State Superintendent of Schools 

1922 

1 



l^^ 



I 



STEPHENS COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS 

Hon. Thos, G, Walters, County Superintendent, Toccoa, Ga. 

County Beard of Education 

Hon. J. S. Crawford, R. F. D. 2.. - Toccoa, Ga. 

Hon. Sloan Bruce, R. F. D. 2 Avalon, Ga. 

Hon. Arthur Andrews - Toccoa, Ga. 

Hon. W. P. Farr, R. F. D. l... .Toccoa, Ga. 

Hon. J. M. Farmer, R. F. D. 1 Ayersville, Ga. 



LIBJ^RT OF CONGRiss" 
DOCUMENT* DIVISION 



TO PUBLIC SCHOOL OFFICIALS AND CITIZENS OF 
STEPHENS COUNTY: 



From illustrations and descriptions and reports of the 
schools of Stephens county as given herein it will be seen 
that the public school situation isnot such as to excite the 
pride of the citizens or afford a fair opportunity to the 
children, and it is very clear that the entire county school 
system must be reorganized before a basis can be laid for 
adequate educational facilities for the children of the county. 
The problem, which is the most important one confronting 
the people, shculd be considered as a whole rather than from 
the standpoint of any one school or locality. It is a county- 
wide problem of far-reaching importance, and well deserves 
the most serious consideration of all good citizens. It is 
not even second in importance to permanent good roads or 
streets or court houses. 

No school in the county can ever attain its highest effic- 
iency or render its greatest service until every school in the 
county is made a good school. Each one is more or less de- 
pendent upon and influenced by every other one, and all 
should be organized into a harmonious educational system 
with the purpose of providing for every child in the county 
equal and adequate opportunities for a thorough education. 
This can only be done by a business-like organization well 
indicated by experience and opinions of public school admin- 
istrators, and the unselfish cooperation of all the citizens 
of the county. 

Such reorganization will first involve abolishing the legal 
wall of separation in educational matters set up by special 
legislation around the towns of Toccoa and Martin, and mak- 
ing one cause with the rest of their county for a thoroughly 
efficient educational system. This can be done as it has been 
done in many other Georgia counties, without any sacrifices, 
financial or educational, to either of these Stephens county 
towns. On the contrary, there is much to be gained by both 
towns from cooperating in such proposed reorganization. 
Still more would be the gain to rural sections of the county ; 
and no good fortune can come to any part of the county with- 
out being shared by the county seat. The public schools at 
Toccoa and Martin have probably about reached their full 
growth and development already until they can render bet- 
ter service and receive better support for their county, and 
to perpetuate their limitations would be selfish, non-progres- 
sive, and suicidal policy. 



A PROPOSED COUNTY EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM 

An efficient county educational system should contem- 
plate r 

1. ONE COUNTY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL of eleven 
or twelve grades well provided with suitable libraries, labora- 
♦'ories, etc., and free in its high school grades to all the chil- 
dren of the county. No system can be expected to produce 
satisfactory results without including some n^o asions for 
professional training of its teachers, and therefore this 
school should offer an approved Tescher Training Course 
from which most of the teachers for the county would come. 

2. ONE COUNTY YOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL, 
well equipped for vocational education, and free to all the 
children of the county who desire vocational training. This 
school would contribute greatly to the material progress 
and prosperity of the county, and for this reason should be 
liberally supported by the county. 

3. TWO OR THREE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS should 
be provided. (Later on this number would be increased to 
four or five.) Senior high school subjects cannot be taught 
well without reference libraries and laboratories and in 
schools of more than five teachers. Conveniently located 
junior high schools can do good preparatory work at less cost 
to the county and without taking young pupils away from 
their family influences and control. 

4. Where for lack of sufficient support and patronage 
Junior high schools can not be justified there should be pro- 
vided primary and elementary schools of one and two teach- 
ers each. These should never be nearer than four miles of 
other schools (See Ga. School Laws, Art. 6; Sec. 117.) 
They should be well housed and equipped, and provided with 
capable teachers. For the sake of thoroughness in the 
fundamentals of education it is most important that they be 
limited to four or five grades at one-teachers schools, and 
seven grades at the two-teacher schools. More grades al- 
lowed will result in such lack of thoroughness as will hinder 
the normal progress of pupils as they are advanced. Pupils 
above such grades should attend the nearest Junior high 
schools or one of the Senior high schools. Transportation 
should be provided if distances are too great. (See Ga. 
School Laws, Art. 5; Sec. 93). 



LARGER SCHOOL DISTRICTS AND SCHOOL 
LOCATIONS 

Practically all of the school Distrcts are smaller in area 
than is contemplated by law. (See Ga. School Laws, Art. 
6; Sec. 117). In order to comply with the law, and for the 
best interests of the cause, we recommend t^at the Board 
of Education lay off the county into larger school districts 
wherever possible. In the upper portions of the county 
this is not practicable, except in a few instances, on account 
of the mountains and dangerous streams. In a map sub- 
mitted we have indicated approximately where it seemed 
desirable to enlarge the Districts. It would not be p'^actica- 
ble for us to indicate more definitely without a much better 
knowledge of land lots, land lines, public roads, streams, 
etc., but it will not be difficult for the county school authori- 
ties to indicate such exact descr'ptions as the law requires. 
Their good judgment may also suggest some changes in 
the tentative map submitted. Laying off larger schoo' 
districts does not necessarily mean immediate changes in 
school locations, or that only one school can be permitted 
in a district by the Board. However, the permanent loca- 
tions of the schools in every district is an important matter 
deserving serious consideration. Generally accessibility will 
be the determining factor, although there are apt to be 
other important local considerations in each case. In cases 
of Junior high schools such considerrtio s ?s prospects of 
patronage in the higher grades, the rumbe; of te?.chers 
that can be provided, etc., will usually determine pro^oer 
locations. 

As to the proper locations for the COUNTY SENiOR 
HIGH SCHOOL and the COUNTY VOCATIONAL HIGin 
SCHOOL there can be no doubt. These could rot become 
debatable questions in the mind of any thinking citizen. 

A BUILDING PROGRAM 

Any wise reorganization policy must contemplate a build- 
ing program far beyond any immediate realization. All 
buildings should be carefully planned with reference to their 
use and future demands. There would be immediate need 
for a well equipped Senior High School building at the 
county seat adequate to the constantly increasing educa- 
tional demands of the county. For equally important coun- 
ty-wide service more room and very much better equipment 



should be added to the County Vocational High School. 
Entirely new buildings will be necessary for all the Junior 
High Schools. New buildings 'or completely remodelled 
buildings should be provided for all the primary and elemen- 
tary schools, exvept at Fairview, which will before long 
require additional rcoms and teachers. This school will 
later most probably become a junior high school. 

Important permanent public improvements are nowhere 
rndertaken now except by bond issues. Ga. laws provide 
for issuing bonds for building school houses by c::unties or 
by school districts. The latter plan would probably be 
most satisfactory in Stephens county, as each school dis- 
trict would thus incur obligations only for its own buildings. 

ADMINISTRATION AND SUPERVISION 

No public school system such as is proposed for Stephens 
county could not be thought of without adequate admin- 
istration and professional supervision. Full time with prop- 
er compensation should be required of a superintendent, 
and constant professional supervision should be provided. 
The business of educating and training the children of the 
county is a very serious undertaking, but nothing pays bet- 
ter. Education comes high, but ignorance costs vastly more. 
Upon the educational policy of the county depends largely 
its future prosperity. The responsibility of determining 
that policy is placed upon the county Board of Educatioon, 
and they deserve the sympathy and cooperation of all good 
citizens — men and women. 

The public school funds of the county received from the 
State and collected from the people are partly wasted be- 
cause the public schools are failing to educate the children. 
The time has come when the people will not complain at 
a high rate of school tax provided it is so administered as to 
give their children a good education. Like any other "big 
business" this can only be accomplished through proper or- 
ganizati:n and efficient administration. Given the best and 
most progressive county public school system in the 
State and Stephens county would soon stand at the head of 
the list in material prosperity. No other public enterprise 
could so greatly cr so universally benefit every citizen or" 
property owner in the county. There is no good reason for 
further delay. The State Department of Education stands 
ready to render every possible asistance. 

(NOTE— Free and frank discussions and criticisms of these re- 
commendations by all interested citizens of the county most cordially 
invited, and their active combined eftorts toward ci'eating an improved 
public school system for the county confidently expected. — M. L. 
Duggan, Rural School Agent for State Department of Education). 

6 



SCHOOL CONDITIONS IN STEPHENS COUNTY 

Buildings and Equipment 

All of the one-room school buildings and all of the two- 
room buildings except the one at the Fairview School have 
been poorly planned or built without any plan and are wholly 
unsuited to school purposes. (See pictures and descriptions 
for details). As a general rule the one-teacher school 
buildings consist of one rather small room. There are no 
cloak rooms nor halls nor rooms for industrial work of any 
kind. The classrooms of the one and two-teacher buildings, 
with one or two exceptions, are lighted by 6 or 8 small win- 
dows placed on two, three, and in some cases four sides of 
the building. In many of the buildings the amount of win- 
dow space is insufficient; and the windows are placed at 
long distances apart causing shadows and cross lights, which 
are injurious to the eyes of the pupils. There is not a jack- 
eted stove nor a correct system of heating in any school in 
the county. Most of the buildings are unpainted. Many of 
those which have been painted are colored on the inside in 
dark grey, dull green, or bright blue. These colors are not 
pretty and they have a very bad effect on the lighting of a 
classroom. Even the larger school buildings at the Avalon 
and the Martin Schools are just as poorly planned and as 
unsuited to school purposes as smaller school buildings. 
One of the worst conditions exist at Merritt's School where 
two teachers are trying to teach 75 pupils in one small 
room. The pupils are crowded together three on a seat. 

In many of the small schools there are no good black- 
boards, and in many others the amount of blackboard space 
is insufficient. Teachers cannot teach writing and number 
work without good blackboards. In many of the one- 
teacher schools there are no desks. The children sit for 
long hours on long uncomfortable homemade benches. As a 
result of leaning over in order to read their books, which are 
usually held in the lap, the children develop stooped should- 
ers and in some cases curvature of the spine. This lack of 
comfortable desks not only impairs the health of the pupils, 
but makes the school work more difficult. There are very 
few charts, maps, globes, or pictures in any of the schools. 

The buildings at the Fairview School stands out in sharp 
contrast to the buildings described above. This building is 
according to a State approved plan drawn by one who under- 
stands the principles of school architecture. The two class- 
rooms are of standard size and are correctly lighted — the 
light coming from the east and from only one side of the 



building. There is a long hall in which individual lockers 
will be built so as to provide a place for each child to keep 
his wrap and lunch. In addition to the classrooms, there 
are two rooms providing space for a school kitchen and for 
a dining room and library combined. The school has a 
good library consisting of 175 well selected books. The 
classrooms are seated with single patent desks and other 
school equipment is being added as rapidly as the funds can 
be raised. The teachers and people are consulting school 
experts about the colors to be used in painting the building, 
about sanitary toilets and the best plan for improving the 
school grounds. As a result of their co-operation with the 
county and state educational officials there will soon be de- 
veloped a modern school plant efficient in every detail and 
capable of rendering the best service to the boys and girls 
who are to be trained there. The Toccoa Lake School build- 
ing was built without any plan and even though it is new, 
it is as unsuited to school purposes as the dilapidated build- 
ing at the Merritt's School. This is a natural result of a 
lack of professional direction and supervision. Country 
boys and girls deserve as good, comfortable, attractive and 
well equipped school buildings as do the boys and girls in 
any community. 

SHORT SCHOOL YEAR AND SHORT RECITATION 
PERIODS 

For the past ten years the country schools of Stephens 
County have had an average school year of 5 months. The 
Toccoa School and other good schools in the state have a 
nine months term. Children in the country schools have 
no more ability than the children in Toccoa or the other 
systems. Can they do the same amount of school work in 
five months that the children in the other systems do in 
nine months? 

Added to the inequality in the length of the school term 
is the inequality of teaching time per grade in the small 
schools as compared with that in the larger schools. The 
teachers were asked to send in daily schedules of work show- 
ing the number of minutes given to each recitation. Only 
a few schedules were sent in, but they reveal some interest- 
ing facts. The teachers in the one-teacher schools have an 
average of 36 recitations per day and the average length of 
each recitation period is 10.6 minutes; the teachers in the 
three-teacher schools have an average of 18 recitations per 
day and the length of each recitation is 20.8 minutes. In 
one one-teacher school only 60 minutes during the entire 
day are devoted to two sections of the first grade ; in another 

8 



85 minutes are devoted to three sections of the first grade; 
while in one of the three-teacher schools 220 minutes per 
day are devoted to two sections of the first grade. From 
these figures it is cjle.^rly evident that the primary children 
in the small schools are receiving very little of the tescher's 
time. There are not so many pupils in the upper grades in 
the small schools as there are in the lower grades, but these 
few upper grade pupils have two or three more recitations 
per day and about twice as much of the teachers' time as do 
the small children in the lower grades. And yet children in 
the lower grades are practically helpless and stand in greater 
need of help and direction from the teacher than the older 
children who have learned how to study. The teachers 
in the small schools can not do their best work because they 
have too many grades to teach. If a teacher can give only 
10 minutes to each recitation, she can not possibly do her 
work as thoroughly as a teacher who has 20 minute recita- 
tion periods. 

QUALIFICATIONS OF TEACHERS 

The teachers in the one and two-teacher schools of Ste- 
phens County are not so well prepared for their work as 
the teachers in the larger schools. Three of the 22 teachers 
in the small schools have had a normal training; 11 are high 
school graduates and 8 have had less than high school schol- 
arship. Eighteen of the 23 teachers in the larger schools 
(the schools having three or more teachers) have had either 
normal or college training; 3 are high school graduates and 
2 have had less than high school scholarship. The teachers 
of Stephens County, on the whole, are better trained than 
the teachers in many Georgia Counties, but from the figures 
given above it is quite evident that the professional strength 
of the teachers, especially in the small schools, is far below 
standard. A large number of the teachers in the county 
are graduates of the Toccoa High School. If the high school 
at Tcccoa would offer a Teacher Training Course as an elec- 
tive for those seniors who wish to become teachers, it would 
render a much greater service to the county than it is now 
doing. In order to improve the present conditions of the 
schools it will be necessary to have a better trained corps of 
teachers. 

The teachers could do much better work if they served 
for a longer time at the same school. Of the 45 teachers 
whose qualifications were studied, 27 were teaching at their 
present school for the first time. It takes a teacher at least 
a year to learn her puipls, patrons, and community and their 
various needs and problems. If she goes on to another 



school at the end of the year she has no opportunity to do 
any constructive community work. The Board of Education 
could encourage the teachers to overcome this handicap by 
offering- a graduated bonus for length of service. 

CLASSROOM WORK 

In order to get some idea of the quality of classroom 
work being done in the schools, educational tests were given 
to the fourth and the seventh grades in each school. The 
time for making the survey was so limited that it was im- 
possible to give the tests to all of the grades. These two 
were selected so that some study might be made of the 
primary work and the upper grammar grade work. These 
educational tests have been given under the same condi- 
tions to thousands of pupils in representative schools in all 
parts of the United States. The median or average scores 
have been found and are called Standard Scores. The Stand- 
ards for each test, therefore, represent what average chil- 
dren should be able to do in each subject if they have been 
well taught. The results of the tests are not tabulated in 
this report, but the scores made by the pupils in the various 
types of schools have been compared with the standard 
scores and from the comparisons some definite conclusions 
may be drawn. 

1. In all of the schools in the county the work in read- 
ing, writing, language, and arithmetic shows a serious lack 
of thoroughness. The scores made in comprehension in 
reading by the fourth grades in all of the schools are more 
than a year and a half below standard and the rate scores 
are more than a year below standard. (The comprehen- 
sion score in reading represents ability to get thought from 
paragraphs read. The rate score represents the number of 
words per minute.) The scores made in comprehension in 
reading by the seventh grades in all of the schools are nearly 
two years belcw standard in comprehension and are more 
than three years below standard in rate. Pupils who read 
so poorly as these scores indicate can not do thorough work 
in history, geography and the other school subjects, for 
ability to learn any subject depends upon ability to readi 
understandingiy the lessons assigned in that subject. The 
scores made in arithmetic by the fourth grade in all of the 
schools are below the standard score for the third grade; 
the scores made by the seventh grade are below the stand- 
ard score for the fifth grade. The work in writing and com- 
position is correspondingly below standard. It is absolutely 
necessary that children have some degree of mastery in 

10 



handling these tool subjects of learning if they are to pro- 
gress through the grades satisfactorily. It is also impor- 
tant that they master the work outlined for each lower 
grade before they are advanced to the higher grade. If 
pupils attempt work for which they are not prepared the 
work becomes a burden, and their lack of thoroughness in- 
creases as they advance. As school work becomes increas- 
ingly irksome because of their not being able to do it well, 
they lose interest and then drop out of school before they 
reach the upper grades. We must see that our children are 
well taught in the lower grades if we expect them to stay 
in school and secure a high school education. 

2. The upper grades are further^ below standards than 
the lower grades in all of the subjects in which the tests 
were given. In spite of the short school term, irregular 
attendance, and short recitation periods, all of which make 
it difficult for pupils to complete the work outlined for each 
grade, they are promoted at the end of the term. As they 
are promoted from year to year their lack of thoroughness 
increases. 

3. The work being done in the one and two-teacher 
schools is not so thorough as th^ work done in the larger 
schools of the county. The poor quality of work being done 
in the small schools is due to conditions fairly shown in this^ 
Bulletins. i 



n 




EDUCATION DAY IN STEPHENS COUNTY, DECEMBR HTI 

Two Thousand Children from the Schools of the County. 
1: Toccoa High School, Prof. Edmund Wroe, Superintendent. 
2: One End of the Line of March. 
3: Indian Pageant on Court House Lawns. 
4: Grand Stand, Toccoa High School Athletic Grounds. 




ESTANOLLEE SCHOOL 

Teachers: A. H. Johnson, Miss Alberta Wright, Miss Daisy Hayes* 
Mrs. A. H. Johnson, Mi^s Jewel Hayes, Mrs. L. T. McLain, 
Miss Dona Wiley. 

Location: R. R. Station ond Toccoa and Elhe.tori Ry., Nine miles 
South of Toccoa. 

Grounds: Area 10 acres; titles in County Board; Wooded except one 
acre; two pumps and buckets; a school garden; supervised 
play; sanitary toilets. 

Building: Value $20 000. CO; eight rooms; good condition; four cloak 
rooms; good ventilation. Also Domestic Science building, 
shops, teacliers home, etc., value $3,000.00. 

Equipment: Patent desks; homemade blackboard; 1 globe; Some 
agricultural charts; some maps; a few pictures; a library; 
no reference dictionary; laboratory equipment for agricul- 
tui'e, domestic science, etc. 

Organization: Seven teachers; 11 grades; 2c 5 enrolled; programs 
posted; vocational agricultu.e; domestic science provided 
for; nine months school year. 

Maintenance: 



13 




MARTIN SCHOOL 



Teachers: Pi'of. W. R. Eskew; Miss Ruth Dean; Miss Mai'y Sadie 
Isbell; Miss Lucille Roark, 

Legation: Avalon li/4 miles northwest; Line 2 miles southeast 
(Franklin Co.); Tom's creek 3 miles southwest. 

Grounds: Area 2 acres; titles in Board of Trustees; partly impi-oved; 
some play equipment; supervised play; no gardens; two san- 
itary toilets; a covered well. 

Building: Value $4,5CO.0C; 4 rooms; lighting bad; insufficient win- 
dow space; needing repairs; well kept; no cloak I'ooms; 
plastered iniide; brick outside. 

Equipment: Double and single patent desks; poor black boards; a 
few maps; no charts; one globe; no pictures; a very small 
library; no reference dictionary; a piano. 

Ofganizatiort: 4 teachers; ten grades; 115 enrolled; no probrams 
posted; no industrial work; a literary society; a Woman's 
Club; eight months schools year. 

Maintenance: i?3,000.00 per annum from City and state. 



14 




f>- \ i 








AVALON SCHOOL 



Teachers: Prof. J. M. Skelton, Miss Bessie Collins^ Miss Oma H. 
Thomas. 

Location: Martin 1 mile southeast; Eastonollee 3 miles northwest. 

Grounds: Area one and one-half acres; titles in County Board; some 
play equipment; supervised play; no gardens; sxi surface 
toilets in poor condition. 

Building: Value $1,250.00; three rooms; very bad lighting-; good 
condition; well kept; no cloak rooms; painted inside and out- 
side. 

Equipment: Double patent des^:s; one teachers' desk; two tables; 
insufficient amount of blackboard; one map; some primary 
charts; one globe; a few pictures; no library; a reference 
dictionary. 

Organization: Three teachers; ten grades; 130 enrolled; no programs 
posted; no industrial work; a Canning Club; a Literary 
Society; Seven months school term. 

Maintenance: 



15 




FAIRVIEW SCHOOL 



Teachers: Mrs. Frank Simpson, Miss Caroline Stovall. 

Lccaticn: Rock Creek 4 miles northwest; Eastanollee 6 miles west; 
Avalon 4 miles southwest. 

Gccunds: Area 12 acres; titles in County Board; well kept; spacious 
play grounds; no equipment; supervised play; vegetable and 
flower gardens; two surface toilets in fail- condition. 

Building: Value $3,500.00; properly lighted; new; well kept; cloak 
rooms; painted outside. A modern building buUt by State 
approved plans. 

Equipment: Single patent desks; good hyloplate blackboards; three 
good maps; a globe; no pictures; a library; two sets of refer- 
ence books; no reference dictionary. 

Ofgaitizaticn: Two teachers; seven grades; 58 enrolled; programs 
posted; a Parent-Teacher Asociation. Seven inonths school 
year. 

Maintenace: $973.00 per annum from county. 



16 




BIG A SCHOOL 



Teachers: Prof. T. G. Walters, Miss Ora Belle Kesler, Miss Nellie 
Walters. 

Location: Rock Creek 4 miles; Eastonelle 5 miles southeast. 

Grounds: Area 2% acres; titles in County Board; well kept; flower 
gardens; supervised play; some play equipment; two surface 
toilets. 

Building: Value $2,000.00; three rooms; good condition; no cloak 
rooms; painted outside and inside. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; teacher's tables; good hyloplate 
blackboards; no sand tables; no charts; no globes; a few 
pictures; a small library; a reference dictionary; a covered 
water cooler. 

Organization: Three teachers; nine grades; 145 pupils; programs 
posted; no clubs; seven months term. 

Maintenance: $1,487.50 per annum from County. 



17 




UNION HILL SCHOOL 



Teachers: Prof. C. F. Fisher, Miss Leone Collins, Miss Lula PuUiani, 

Location: Three and one-half miles northeast to Tom's creek; 4 
miles to Eastonollee; 5 miles southwest to New Hope. 

Grounds: Area 1^^ acres; titles in Trustees; unimp-oved; no school 
gardens; supervised play; one sui'face tcilet in good condi- 
tion. 

Building: Value $2,500.00; three rooms; very well lightad; well kept; 
two cloak rooms; painted outside. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; hyloplate blackboard; four maps; 
no sharts; no pictures; a globe; a bookcase and a few books; 
no i-eference dictionary; a teachers' desk. 

Organization: Three teachers; nine grades; 91 enrolled; no program 
posted; no industrial work; no clubs; GVa months school year. 

Mdintenace: $1,5.57.50 per annum. 



18 




NEW HOPE SCHOOL 



Teachers: R. N. Dover, Miss Ruth Kirk, Miss Hortense Pulliam, 
Mize, Georgia. 

Location: 4V2 miles west to Cannon School. 

Grounds: Area V2 acre; titles in Trustees; wooded; small play 
grounds; no school garden; surface toilets in very good con- 
dition. 

Building: Value $1,700.00; three rooms; lighting from west; insuf- 
ficient window space; two cloak rooms; ventilation very good; 
painted inside and outside; well kept. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; good blackboard; no maps; no 
charts; no globes; a few pictures; a reference dictionary; 
no library. 

Organization: Three teachers; nine grades; HI enrolled; program 
posted; corn and pig clubs; parent-teacher club; School year 
28 weeks. 

Maintenance: $1,331.75 per annum from County. 



19 




ROCK CREEK SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Eva Camp, Mrs. G. W. Thompson. 

Location: Big A four miles west; Eastanollee 4 miles southwest. 

Grounds: Area, one and one-fourth acres; titles in local trustees; 
no equipment; no gardens; water secured from open spring; 
one surface toilet in fairly good condition. 

Building: Value $1,200.00; improperly and insufficiently lighted; 
ceiled; well kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted inside; painted 
outside. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teachers's desks; good black- 
board, but an insufficient amount in primary room; no charts; 
no library; one picture; globes. 

Organization: Two teachers; 8 grades; 88 enrolled; no program 
posted; no industrial work; no clubs; seven months school 
year. 

Maintenance: $891.50 per annum from County. 



20 




CARNTIS CREEK 
Teachers: Mr. Eart Tliomas, Mrs. Carrie Hurst. 

Location: 2 miles no.tlnvest to Merritts .Acad<emy; New Hope five 
iiiiles south. 

(Grcunr's: Area 2 acres; titles in County Board; unimproved; no play 
equirment; no gardens; two surface toilets, not very good 
condition. 

Building: Value $1,0C0.C0; two rooms; ceiled; unpainted outside; has 
been painted inside; well kept. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; two teachers' desks; homemade 
blackboard; two maps; primary chart; no chart; no globes; 
a few pictures. 

Organization: Two teachers; 8 grades; no program posted; no in- 
dustrial work; no clubs; seven months school yeai\ 

Maintenance: $81,759 from County. 



21 




TOM'S CREEK SCHOOL 

TeacRers: Pf of. B. H. Rick, Miss Viola Soather. 

Location: Avalon 8 miles northeast; Union Rfll 4 miles- lEoithwest. 

Grounds: Area 2 acres; titles; Trustees of schools; rough, newly- 
cleared; small play grounds; no equipment; one surface 
toikt, well kept. 

Building;: Value $2,000.00; two rooms; properly lighted; new; not 
well kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted inside; painted outside. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; insutFicient amount of good black- 
board; two maps; no charts; no globes-; no pictures; no 
library; a reference dictionary, 

Otganizaticn: Two teachers; seven grades; 191 enrolled; no industrial 
work; pi'ogram posted; no clubs; t:even months school year. 



Maintenance: 



^."lo.OO per annum from County. 



22 




BIG A SCHOOL 



Teachers: Prof. T. G. Walters, Miss Ora Belle Kesler, Miss Nellie 
Walters. 

Location: Rock Creek 4 miles; Eastonelle 5 miles southeast. 

Grounds: Area 214 acres; titles in County Board; well kept; flower 
gardens; supervised play; some play equipment; two surface 
toilets. 

Building: Value $2,000.00; three rooms; good condition; no cloak 
rooms; painted outside and inside. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; teacher's tables; good hyloplate 
blackboards; no sand tables; no charts; no globes; a few 
pictures; a small library; a reference dictionary; a covered 
water cooler. 

Organization: Three teachers; nine grades; 145 pupils; programs 
posted; no clubs; seven months term. 

Maintenance: $1,487.50 per annum from County. 



17 




UNION HILL SCHOOL 



Teachers: Prof. C. F. Fisher, Miss Leone Collins, Miss Lula Pulliam. 

Location: Three and one-half miles northeast to Tom's creek; 4 
miles to Eastonollee; 5 miles southwest to New Hope. 

Grounds: Area 11,4 acres; titles in Trustees; unimpoved; no school 
gardens; supervised play; one surface tcilet in good condi- 
tion. 

Building: Value $2,500.00; three I'ooms; very well lighted; well kept; 
two cloak rooms; painted outside. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; hyloplate blackboard; fouj" maps; 
no sharts; no pictures; a globe; a bookcase and a few books; 
no reference dictionary; a teachers' desk. 

Organization: Three teachers; nine grades; 91 enrolled; no program 
posted; no industrial work; no clubs; 6% months school year. 

Maintenace: $1,557.50 per annum. 



18 




NEW HOPE SCHOOL 



Teachers: R. N. Dover, Miss Ruth Kirk, Miss Hortense Pulliam, 
Mize, Georgia. 

Location: 4% miles west to Cannon School. 

Grounds: Area V2 acre; titles in Trustees; wooded; small play 
grounds; no school garden; surface toilets in very good con- 
dition. 

Building: Value $1,700.00; three rooms; lighting from west; insuf- 
ficient window space; two cloak rooms; ventilation very good; 
painted inside and outside; well kept. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; good blackboard; no maps; no 
charts; no globes; a few pictures; a reference dictionary; 
no library. 

Organization: Three teachers; nine grades; 111 enrolled; program 
posted; corn and pig clubs; parent-teacher club; School year 
28 weeks. 

Maintenance: $1,331.75 per annum from County. 



19 




ROCK CREEK SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Eva Camp, Mrs. G. W. Thompson. 

Location: Big A four miles west; Eastanollee 4 miles southwest. 

Grounds: Area,- one and one-fourth acres; titles in local trustees; 
no equipment; no gardens; water secured from open spring; 
one surface toilet in fairly good condition. 

Building: Value $1,200.00; improperly and insufficiently lighted; 
ceiled; well kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted inside; painted 
outside. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teachers's desks; good black- 
board, but an insufficient amount in primary room; no charts; 
no library; one picture; globes. 

Organization: Two teachers; 8 grades; 88 enrolled; no program 
posted; no industrial work; no clubs; seven months school 
year. 

Maintenance: $891.50 per annum from County. 



20 




CARNES CREEK 

Teachers: Mr. Bart Thomas, Mrs. Carrie Hurst. 

Location: 2 miles noitliwest to Merritts Acad'emy, New Hope five 
miles south. 

Gronnrls: Area 2 acres- titles in County Board; unimproved; r.o play 
equir.ment; no gardens; two surface toilets, not very good 
CDnditicn. 

Building: Value $1,0C0.C0; two rooms; ceiled; unpainted outside; has 
been painted inside; well kept. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; two teachers' desks; homemade 
blackboard; two maps; primary chart; no chart; no globes; 
a few pictures. 

Organization: Two teachers; 8 grades; no program posted; no in- 
dustrial work; no clubs; seven months school year. 



Maintenance: 



51.759 from County. 



21 




TOM'S creek: school 

Teachers: Prof. B. H. Ricii, Miss Viola Souther. 

Locatioa: A-valon 3 miles nortkeastj Union Hill 4 nuTes- northwest. 

Grcurul»: Area 2 acre^j titles; Trustees of schools;- rouglr, newly- 
cleared; small play grounds; no equipment; one surface-, 
toilet, well kept. 

Building: Value $2,000.00; two rooms; propei'ly lighted; new; not 
well kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted inside; painted outside. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; insufficient amount of good black- 
board; two maps; no charts; no globes; no pictures; no. 
library; a reference dictionary. 

Organization: Two teachers; seven grades; 191 eni-olled; no industrial 
work; program posted; no clubs; ;:even months school year. 



Maintenance : 



5S3.00 per annum from County. 



22 




MERRITTS SCHOOL 

TeacTicTS' Mrs. Cary TVliitmire, Miss B-ertlia Tayloix 

Location: Canres Ci"eek 2^2 mil'es southeast', Currahee 3 miles feout"h. 

(Grounds: Area 2 acres; titles...,.' ....■; vunimproved; po play 

appHanct; no ^axd'ens., no toilets. 

Building: Value $400.00; one room; improperly lighted; needs repair; 
no cloak rooms; heated by two stoves; unpainted; no com* 
mainity xise. 

Equipment: Double patent desl^s; no teachers' deskc; very small 
blackboard; three maps; no pictures; no charts; no globes; 
no dictionai-y; no library. 

Organizaticn: Two teachei-s; 7 grades; 73 pupils; programs posted; 
no clubs; seven months school year. 

Maintenance: $736:75 per annum from county. 



23 










CANNON SCHOOL 

Teachers: Misses Fannie Garland. Mamie Fayne. 

Lccaticn-: Currahee 2i/^ miles; Mountain Grove 2 miles N. W. 



Grcunds: Area, one acre; titles to trustees with i everting clause; 
clejn end fairly well ;.ept; no gardens; no toi eta; no play- 
equipment. 

Br.ddittg: Value $1,000X0; one room; improperly lighted; no cloak 
rooms; heated by fireplaces; unpainted. 

Equipment: Benches; no teachers' desks; no sand tables; one small 
blackboard; one Georgia map; no charts; no globes; no pic- 
tures; no dictionaiy; no library. 

Organizaticn: Two teacheis; 6 grades; 21 pupils; no programs posted; 
no clubs; seven months school year. 

.Maintenance: $585.25 per annum. 



24 




MERRFrrs scnooL 

Teadiers: Mrs. 'Cai-y Whitniire, Miss Bertha Tayloi\ 

Location: Carries Ci'feek 2^/2 miles soutJieast", Currahee o miles south. 

^Grounds: Area 2 acres'; titles... ..........■; uftimproved; no play 

appliance"; no gardens, no toilets. 

Building: Value $400.00; one room; improperly lighted; needs repair; 
no cloak rooms; heaterl by twd stovex; unpainted; iio coiit 
munity us'e. 

"Equipment: Double patent deslvs; no^ teachers' desks; very small 
blackboard; three maps; no pictures; no charts; no globes; 
no dictionary; llo library^ 

Organization : Two teachers; 7 grades; 78 pupils; piogram*: postedi 
no clubs; seven months school year. 

Maintenance: $736:75 per anniini from county. 



23 




CANNON SCHOOL 

Teachers: Mii?se« Fannie Garlancl Mamie Fayne. 

Location: Currahee 2 ¥2 miles; Mountain Grove 2 miles N. W. 



Grcundsr Airea, one acre; titles to trustees with revertirig clause; 
clean i,nd fairly well uept; no gardens,; no toiets; no play- 
equipment. 

Building: Value $1,CCC.C0; one room; improperly lighted; no cloak 
rooms; heated by fireplaces; unpainted. 

Equipment: Benches; no teachers' desks; no sand tables; one small 
blackboard; one Georgia map; no charts; no globes; no pic- 
tures; no dictionaiy; no library. 

Ofganizaticn: Two teachers; 6 grades; 21 pupils; no programs posted; 
no clubs; seven months school year. 

Maintenance: $585.25 per annum. 



24 




MOUNTAIN GROVE SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Thehiia Davis. 

Location: Cannon two miles southeast; Ayersville 5 miles northeast. 

Grounds: Area ; titles ...; unimproved. 

small playgrounds; no play appliances; supervised play; no 
toilets. 

Building: Church; no cloak rooms; heated by stove; unpainted. 

Equipment: Benches; small hyloplate blackboard; two maps; no 
sand tables; no pictures; no globes; no library; no reference 
dictionary; no water cooler. 

Organization: One teacher; six grades; 40 pupils; no posted pro- 
gram; no industrial work; seven months school year. 

Maintenance: $446.25 from County. 



25 




CURRAHEE SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Mattie Stowe. 

Location: Merritt's 4 miles northwest. 

Grounds: Area one acre; titles in trustees; not in good condition; 
small play grounds; no play appliances; no gardens; no 
toilets. 

Building: Value $300.00; one room; improperly lighted; well kept; 

Equipment: Double patent desks; teachers' desk; good blackboard; 
no cloak rooms; heated by fire place; unpainted. 
no sand tables; no charts; no globes; no library; no dictionary; 
a covered water cooler. 

Organization: One teacher; seven grades; 60 pupils; no program 
posted; no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $446.25 per annum from county. 



26 




AYERSVILLE SCHOOL 

Teacher: Miss Elma Weeks. 

Location: Six miles to Mountain Grove. 

Grounds: Area two acres; titles ; unimpi'oved; no play 

appliances; supervised play; no gardens; no toilet. 

Building: Value $800.00; one room; properly lighted; well kept; no 
cloak rooms; heated by stove; good ventilation; unpainted 
inside. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teachers' desks; 20-in. hyloplate 
blackboard; no charts; no globes; no pictures; no reference 
dictionary; a covered water cooler. 

Organization: One teacher; 5 grades; 42 pupils; no programs posted; 
no clubs; seven months' school year. 

Maintenance: $516.25 per annum from County and local tax. 



27 




DANCE ACADEMY 

Teachers: Miss Velma Davis. 

Location: Rock Creek 2 miles; Eastanollee 2V2 miles southwest. 

Grounds: Area 1 acre; titles in trustees; unimproved; fair condi- 
tion; small playground; no gardens; one toilet (surface) in 
fair condition. 

Building: Value $300.00; one room; improperly lighted; new; well 
kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted. 

Equipment: Long benches; small blackboard; two maps; no charts; 
no glebes; no library; no dictionary. 

Organization: One teacher; 7 grades; 33 enrolled; no program 
posted; six months school year. 

Maintenance: $ 



28 




PULLIAM SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Florence Griggs. 

Lccaticn: Trimmier 0V2 miles north; Providence 4 miles southeast. 

Grounds: Area one acre; titles in Board of Education; rocky and un- 
improved; small playgrounds; no equipment; no gardens; 
one surface toilet in poor condition. 

Building: Value $700.00; one room; incorrectly lighted; compara- 
tively new; well kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted; heated 
by stove. 

Equipment: Double patent desks — insufficient number; no teachers' 
desk; no maps; insufficient amount of blackboard; nO tables; 
nd charts; no globes; no pictures; no dictionary; no library. 

Organization: One teacher; 7 grades; 35 pupils; no program posted; 
60 recitation periods; no industrial work; no clubs; seven 
months school year. 

Maintenance: $446.25 per annum. 



29 




T0€COA LAKR SCHOOL, 

TeachefSr Mrs. Osear Sosebee. 

Location: Bending Hickory 3 miles- wesf. 

Grounds-: Ar<ia 2 acres; titles- in County Boai'd;- newly clearexJ, rough; 
clean; no pla yappliances; no gardens.; two surface toilets^ 
in good condition, 

Building,s.: Value $700.00; one room; improperly lighted; new; welt 

kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted; heated by stave. 
Equipment: Double homemade desks; no blackboards; no maps; no. 

sand tables; no globes; no framed pictui'es; no libi'ary; no 
dictionary. 

Opganization: One teacher; four grades; thirty pupils; no prograna 
posted; no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance i . 



30 




BENDING HlCKORy SCHOOL 

'Teachers: Miss Cfeo ElleT&. 

Location: Toccca Lake 3 miles West. 

Grounds: Area one acre; titles in County Board"; clean'; no plaj 
appliances; no gardens; no toilets. 

Buildings: Yalue $300.00^, one room"; insufficiently lighted; no cloak 
rooms; painted inside; needs repairing outside. 

Equipment:. -Double liome-made desks; no teachers' desk; home-made 

blackboards; no maps; no ctorts; no pictures; no dictionary; 
no globes. 

Organization: One teaclier; seven grades; 30 pupils; program posted; 
no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintf'nance: $362.25 per annuniv 



31 




UNION SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Pearl Davidson. 

Lccation: Cross Roads (Habersham) 31/2 miles west; Old Toccoa 4 
miles south (across mountain). 

Grounds: Area ; titles. ; water from neighbor's 

well; no playground space; no gardens; no toilets. 

Building: Value $800.00; one room; insufficiently lighted; ceiled; 
well kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted. 

Equipment: Benches, oiled cloth blackboards; no maps; no charts; 
no globes; no pictures; no library; no reference dictionary. 

Organization: One teacher; seven grades; 23 enrolled; no program 
posted; no industrial work; no clubs; seven months school 
term. 



32 




TRIMMIER SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Juanita Powell. 
Location: Pulliam three miles southeast. 



. ; hilly and unimproved; no 



Grounds: Area ; titles. 

gardens; no toilets. 



Buildings: Value $250.00; one room; insufficiently lighted; fairly 
well kept; no cloak rooms; heated by stove; painted inside; 
unpainted outside. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teachers' desk; small home- 
made blackboard; no globes; no pictures; no library; no 
charts. 

Organization: One teacher; 5 grades; 26 pupils; no clubs; seven 
months' school year. 

Maintenance: 



33 



TOCCOA FALLS SCHOOL \ 

Teachers:.. .Miss Alice Larson. 

Location: Bending Hickory three miles north. 

Grounds: On grounds of Toccoa Falls Institute. 

Building: One small room of one of the Institute's buildings; too 
small; insufficiently lighted; no cloak rooms; unpainted in- 
side. 

Equipment: Home-made desks and chairs; home-made blackboards; 
one map; no charts; no pictures; no library; one globe; no 
reference dictionary. 

Organization: One teacher; 7 grades; 40 enrolled; no clubs; seven 
months' school year. 

Maintenance: $446.00 per annum. 

Remarks: This grammar school is operated by the Toccoa Falls 
Institute in cooperation with the County. 



1 



34 




TUGALO SCHOOL 



Teacher: H. M. Pulllam, 

Location: Three and a half miles soutli of Tugalo Station^ 4 milefe 
north of Rock Ci"eek School. 

Crrounds: Area / Titles / entirely unimproved; 

no toilets; no school garden; no playgi'ounds. 

Building: Valuie, $250.00; one small room; no cloak rooms; insuf- 
ficiently lighted; ceiled; painted on the outside. 

Equipment: Rough home-made desks; good blackboards; no maps; 
no charts; no globes; no reference dictionai-y or other teach- 
ing device. 

Organization: One teacher; seven grades; enrollment 31; average 
attendance 22,; length of school six months. 



35 




PROVIDENCE SCHOOL 

Teachecsr Mrs. A. B. Tunibull, Principal; Miss Hennie TurnbuH, 

Lccaticn: At Tugalo Station on Southeru Railway. 

Grounds: Church yard and cemetery. 

Bailding: Methodist Church; wholly unsuited for school pui-poses;; 
both teachers teaching- in one room. 

Equipment: Long adult benches for seats; no equipment except a 
very small blackboard and a Georgia map. 

Organization: Two teachers; seven grades; enrollment 52 from Geor- 
gia and 17 from South Carolina; average attendance about 45. 

Note: This should become an important point for developing a good 
junior high school if given enlarged territory and active 
co-operation from all of the citizens. 



36 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS ^ 

019 877 527 7 



